Mahavir Jayanti, also known as Mahaveer Janma Kalyanak, is the most important religious festival in Jainism. It honors the birth of Lord Mahavir, the 24th and final Tirthankara (spiritual teacher) who played a pivotal role in shaping the core beliefs of Jain philosophy.
Observed with devotion and reverence, the festival is not only a celebration of his birth but also a tribute to his teachings on non-violence, truth, and asceticism. Jain temples across the world are adorned with decorations, processions fill the streets, and acts of charity are performed to honor his life and legacy. Mahavir Jayanti brings together Jain communities in a spirit of peace, spiritual reflection, and service, making it a day of both celebration and introspection.
Date and tithi details for 2025
In 2025, Mahavir Jayanti will be observed on Thursday, April 10. As per the Hindu lunar calendar, the festival falls on Trayodashi (13th day) of the Chaitra month, which typically aligns with March or April in the Gregorian calendar.
According to Drik Panchang, the Trayodashi Tithi will begin at 10:55 PM on April 9, 2025, and will conclude at 1:00 AM on April 11, 2025. This year marks the 2623rd birth anniversary of Lord Mahavir.
The birth and transformation of Mahavir
Lord Mahavir was born in 599 BCE as Vardhamana, in the town of Kundagram, which is present-day Kundalpur in Bihar, India. He was born into a royal family, his parents were King Siddhartha and Queen Trishala.
Despite his privileged upbringing, Vardhamana chose the path of renunciation at the age of 30. After years of intense meditation and ascetic practices, he attained Kevala Jnana (absolute knowledge), becoming a Tirthankara and spiritual guide to many.
Core teachings and philosophy
Lord Mahavir’s teachings form the backbone of Jain philosophy. He promoted five essential principles:
Ahimsa (Non-violence)
Satya (Truthfulness)
Asteya (Non-stealing)
Brahmacharya (Celibacy/Chastity)
Aparigraha (Non-possession or non-attachment)
These values emphasize self-restraint, compassion, and the pursuit of spiritual liberation through ethical living.
Rituals and celebrations
Mahavir Jayanti is marked by a variety of devotional and cultural activities, especially among Jain communities in India, Nepal, the UK, and the US.
Devotees visit Jain temples to offer prayers, participate in pujas (rituals), and read or listen to Jain scriptures that recount the life and teachings of Lord Mahavir.
Acts of dana (charity), such as donating food, clothes, or money to the needy, are a major part of the celebration. Many also organise animal welfare drives, staying true to the principle of non-violence.
Rath yatra processions
A highlight of the day is the Rath Yatra, a vibrant chariot procession where Lord Mahavir’s idol is paraded through the streets. Accompanied by singing, dancing, and chanting of hymns, this public celebration fosters a sense of unity and devotion.
Significance of the day
More than a religious observance, Mahavir Jayanti is a time for introspection and reaffirming values that transcend faith, peace, non-violence, and universal love. It also reinforces family and community bonds through shared traditions and ethical practices.
A festival of peace and purpose
In today’s fast-paced world, the messages of Lord Mahavir remain profoundly relevant. Mahavir Jayanti invites everyone, not just Jains, to pause, reflect, and embrace compassion in their daily lives. As we celebrate this auspicious day in 2025, may it inspire a deeper commitment to kindness, humility, and truth.
